Toxicity is the degree to which a substance is able to damage an exposed organism The term "organism" first appeared in the English language in 1701 and took on its current definition by 1834 (Oxford English Dictionary). Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal Animals are a major group of mostly multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously and independently. All animals are also, bacterium The bacteria ( [bækˈtɪərɪə] ; singular: bacterium)[α] are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. Bacteria are ubiquitous in every habitat on Earth, growing in soil, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, water, and, or plant Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants, bryophytes, ferns and fern allies. As of 2004,, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular . Other organisms, such as humans, are multicellular. (Humans have an estimated 100 trillion (cytotoxicity Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells. Examples of toxic agents are a chemical substance, an immune cell or some types of venom) or an organ (organotoxicity), such as the liver The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals; it has a wide range of functions, including detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion. The liver is necessary for survival; there is currently no way to compensate for the absence of liver function (hepatotoxicity Hepatotoxicity implies chemical-driven liver damage. The liver plays a central role in transforming and clearing chemicals and is susceptible to the toxicity from these agents. Certain medicinal agents when taken in overdoses and sometimes even when introduced within therapeutic ranges may injure the organ. Other chemical agents such as those used). By extension, the word may be metaphorically A metaphor is a figure of speech concisely expressed by comparing two things, saying that one is the other. The English metaphor derives from the 16th c. Old French métaphore, from the Latin metaphora “carrying over”, Greek metaphorá “transfer”, from (μεταφέρω) metaphero “to carry over”, “to transfer” and from (μετά) used to describe toxic effects on larger and more complex groups, such as the family unit or society at large.
A central concept of toxicology Toxicology is the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms. It is the study of symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning, especially the poisoning of people is that effects are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication Water intoxication is a potentially fatal disturbance in brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of safe limits by over-consumption of water. Normal, healthy (both physically and nutritionally) individuals have little reason to worry about accidentally consuming too much water. Nearly all when taken in large enough doses, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake Snakes are elongate legless carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales. Many species of snakes have skulls with many more joints than their lizard ancestors, venom Venom is any of a variety of toxins used by certain types of animals. Generally, venom is injected by such means as a bite or a sting there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect.
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(HVS) produced some 8000 tons of toxic copper slag, known as nix grains, after just two years of operation. Moreover, the company has even been allowed to ...
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